Encyclopedia Britannica

Seyhi, Sinan,
Seyhi also spelled SHEYKIH (d. 1428, Kutahya, Ottoman Empire [now in Turkey]), poet who was one of the most important figures in early Ottoman literature. Little is known of his life. Besides being a poet, Seyhi seems to have been a man of great learning and a disciple of the famous Turkish mystic and saint Haci (Hajji) Bayram Veli of Ankara, founder of the Bayrami order of dervishes. Seyhi also was reputedly a skilled physician. A prolific poet, he is best known for his rendition of a popular love story in Islamic literature, Husrev u Sirin ("Khosrow and Shirin"). Inspired by the work of the same name by the great Persian poet Nezami (d. 1209), Seyhi's poem is written in masnavi ("rhymed couplets"), and, although incomplete because of his sudden death, it is considered a masterpiece of eloquent and graceful verse. Other of his works include the lyric poems in his Divan ("Collected Poems") and a satirical narrative, Harname ("The Book of the Ass"). It is to Husrev u Sirin, however, that Seyhi owes his fame. He is considered to have introduced the classical Persian style masnavi into Ottoman literature.

Nabokov, Vladimir,
in full VLADIMIR VLADIMIROVICH NABOKOV (V.Sirin) (b. April 22, 1899, St. Petersburg, Russia--d. July 2, 1977, Montreux, Switz.), Russian-born American novelist and critic, the foremost of the post-1917 emigre authors. He wrote in both Russian and English, and his best works, including Lolita (1955), feature stylish, intricate literary effects. Nabokov was born into an old aristocratic family. His father, V.D. Nabokov, was a leader of the pre-Revolutionary liberal Constitutional Democratic Party (Kadets) in Russia and was the author of numerous books and articles on criminal law and politics, among them The Provisional Government (1922), which was one of the primary sources on the downfall of the Kerensky regime. In 1922, after the family had settled in Berlin, the elder Nabokov was assassinated by a reactionary rightist while shielding another man at a public meeting; and although his novelist son disclaimed any influence of this event upon his art, the theme of assassination by mistake has figured prominently in Nabokov's novels. Nabokov's enormous affection for his father and for the milieu in which he was raised is evident in his autobiography Speak, Memory (revised version, 1967).

Nabokov published two collections of verse, Poems (1916) and Two Paths (1918), before leaving Russia in 1919. He and his family made their way to England, and he attended Trinity College, Cambridge, on a scholarship provided for the sons of prominent Russians in exile. While at Cambridge he first studied zoology but soon switched to French and Russian literature; he graduated with first-class honours in 1922 and subsequently wrote that his almost effortless attainment of this degree was "one of the very few 'utilitarian' sins on my conscience." While still in England he continued to write poetry, mainly in Russian but also in English, and two collections of his Russian poetry, The Cluster and The Empyrean Path, appeared in 1923. In Nabokov's mature opinion, these poems were "polished and sterile."

Between 1922 and 1940 Nabokov lived in Germany and France, and, while continuing to write poetry, he experimented with drama and even collaborated on several unproduced motion-picture scenarios. By 1925 he settled upon prose as his main genre. His first short story had already been published in Berlin in 1924. His first novel, Mashenka (Mary), appeared in 1926; it was avowedly autobiographical and contains descriptions of the young Nabokov's first serious romance as well as of the Nabokov family estate, both of which are also described in Speak, Memory. Nabokov did not again draw so heavily upon his personal experience as he had in Mashenka until his episodic novel about an emigre professor of entomology in the United States, Pnin (1957), which is to some extent based on his experiences while teaching (1948-58) Russian and European literature at Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.

His second novel, King, Queen, Knave, which appeared in 1928, marked his turn to a highly stylized form that characterized his art thereafter. His chess novel, The Defense, followed two years later and won him recognition as the best of the younger Russian emigre writers. In the next five years he produced four novels and a novella. Of these, Despair and Invitation to a Beheading were his first works of importance and foreshadowed his later fame.

During his years of European emigration, Nabokov lived in a state of happy and continual semipenury. All of his Russian novels were published in very small editions in Berlin and Paris. His first two novels had German translations, and the money he obtained for them he used for butterfly-hunting expeditions (he eventually published 18 scientific papers on entomology). But until his best-seller Lolita, no book he wrote in Russian or English produced more than a few hundred dollars. During the period in which he wrote his first eight novels, he made his living in Berlin and later in Paris by giving lessons in tennis, Russian, and English and from occasional walk-on parts in films (now forgotten). His wife, the former Vera Evseyevna Slonim, whom he married in 1925, worked as a translator. From the time of the loss of his home in Russia, Nabokov's only attachment was to what he termed the "unreal estate" of memory and art. He never purchased a house, preferring instead to live in houses rented from other professors on sabbatical leave. Even after great wealth came to him with the success of Lolita and the subsequent interest in his previous work, Nabokov and his family (he and his wife had one son, Dmitri) chose to live (from 1959) in genteelly shabby quarters in a Swiss hotel.

The subject matter of Nabokov's novels is principally the problem of art itself presented in various figurative disguises. Thus, The Defense seemingly is about chess, Despair about murder, and Invitation to a Beheading a political story, but all three works make statements about art that are central to understanding the book as a whole. The same may be said of his plays, Sobytiye ("The Event"), published in 1938, and The Waltz Invention. The problem of art again appears in Nabokov's best novel in Russian, The Gift, the story of a young artist's development in the spectral world of post-World War I Berlin. This novel, with its reliance on literary parody, was a turning point: serious use of parody thereafter became a key device in Nabokov's art. His first novels in English, The Real Life of Sebastian Knight (1941) and Bend Sinister (1947), do not rank with his best Russian work. Pale Fire (1962), however, a novel consisting of a long poem and a commentary on it by a mad literary pedant, extends and completes Nabokov's mastery of unorthodox structure, first shown in The Gift and present also in Solus Rex, a Russian novel that began to appear serially in 1940 but was never completed. Lolita (1955), with its antihero, Humbert Humbert, who is possessed by an overpowering desire for very young girls, is yet another of Nabokov's subtle allegories: love examined in the light of its seeming opposite, lechery. Ada (1969), Nabokov's 17th and longest novel, is a parody of the family chronicle form. All of his earlier themes come into play in the novel, and, because the work is a medley of Russian, French, and English, it is his most difficult work. (He also wrote a number of short stories and novellas, mostly written in Russian and translated into English.)

Nabokov's major critical works are an irreverent book about Nikolay Gogol (1944) and a monumental four-volume translation of, and commentary on, Pushkin's Eugene Onegin (1964). What he called the "present, final version" of the autobiographical Speak, Memory, concerning his European years, was published in 1967, after which he began work on a sequel, Speak On, Memory, concerning the American years.

As Nabokov's reputation grew in the 1930s so did the ferocity of the attacks made upon him. His idiosyncratic, somewhat aloof style and unusual novelistic concerns were interpreted as snobbery by his detractors--although his best Russian critic, Vladislav Khodasevich, insisted that Nabokov's aristocratic view was appropriate to his subject matters: problems of art masked by allegory.

Nabokov's reputation varies greatly from country to country. Until 1986 he was not published in the Soviet Union, not only because he was a "White Russian emigre" (he became a U.S. citizen in 1945) but also because he practiced "literary snobbism." Critics of strong social convictions in the West also generally hold him in low esteem. But within the intellectual emigre community in Paris and Berlin between 1919 and 1939, V. Sirin (the literary pseudonym used by Nabokov in those years) was credited with being "on a level with the most significant artists in contemporary European literature and occupying a place held by no one else in Russian literature." His reputation after 1940, when he changed from Russian to English after emigrating to the United States, mounted steadily until the 1970s, when he was acclaimed by a leading literary critic as "king over that battered mass society called contemporary fiction." (A.Fi.)

MAJOR WORKS. Novels. In Russian (English translations after 1940 mainly by the author and his son, Dmitri Nabokov): Mashenka (1926; Mary, trans. by Michael Glenny with Nabokov's assistance, 1970); Korol-dama-valet (1928; King, Queen, Knave, 1968); Zashchita luzhina (1930; The Defense, 1964); Podvig (1932; Glory, 1971); Camera obscura (1933; first Eng. trans. 1936, altered by Nabokov for U.S. version and retitled Laughter in the Dark, 1938); Otchayaniye (1934; Despair, 1937, altered and enlarged by Nabokov for U.S. version, 1966); Priglasheniye na kazn (1935; Invitation to a Beheading, 1959); Dar (incomplete 1937-38, complete 1952; The Gift, 1963). In English: The Real Life of Sebastian Knight (1941); Bend Sinister (1947); Lolita (1955); Pnin (1957); Pale Fire, including a long poem (1962); Ada; or, Ardor: A Family Chronicle (1969); Transparent Things (1972).

From "Nabokov Under Glass - An Exhibition at The New York Public Library"

In August 1920, the Nabokov family moved to Berlin, where Vladimir would compose all eight of his Russian novels. London had proved much too expensive, and the Berlin economy was attracting Russian emigres by the tens of thousands. V. D. Nabokov helped to negotiate the birth of a formidable emigre publishing house, Slovo, with the assistance of Ullstein, one of Berlin's largest German presses. He also co-edited Rul', a popular Russian-language daily with a worldwide circulation. From Cambridge, Vladimir began to publish poems, chess problems, even crossword puzzles, in Rul', usually under the pen name "Sirin" to distinguish his work from his father's. By the fall of 1921, the Nabokov home had become a cultural center, hosting evening gatherings frequented by well-known emigre artists, writers, and musicians.

Mythic Birds

alkonost: A bird of paradise, in apocrypha and legends the bird of sorrow and melancholy. Portrayed in lubok pictures with wings and human arms, and the body and face of a woman. The image of Alkonost is traceable ot the Greek myth of Alcion, who threw himself into the sea and was transformed by the gods into a kingfisher (halcyon). Alkonost lays eggs on the seashore and, burying them in the depths of the sea, makes it calm for six days. Whoever hears Alkonost's song forgets about everything in the world.
gamaiun: A bird of paradise mentioned in the apocrypha and sacred verse as a "wise bird," as is the sirin and kagan. It flies beneath the heavens and lives in the sea. Portrayed with a woman's face and chest/breasts, or as a large bird flying out from the sea depths. Its cries are a prophecy of happiness.
sirin: Fabulous bird of paradise with a human form; bird of joy, success. It entrances people with its singing. Its songs are a model/form of the divine word, which enchants humankind, and the singing elicits joy. Only a happy or lucky person can hear the song, and not everyone can see Sirin, for she flies away as quickly as do fame and success.
finist: From Greek feniks, a fabulous bird that rises from its own ashes. A wondrous husband in the form of a falcon (with feathers during the daytime, and a handsome youth at night).

Birds of Paradise

Among the most common images were the representations of the two legendary creatures, Sirin and Alkonost. Loosely based on the stories about sirens, these half-women half-birds allegedly lived "in Indian lands" near Eden or around the Euphrates River, and sang their beautiful songs to the saints foretelling them future joys. However, for mortals the birds were dangerous. Hearing their sweet voices, men would forget everything on earth, follow them blindly, and die. To save themselves from the Sirin, people would shoot the cannon, ring the bells and make loud noises to scare the bird off.

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Alkonost

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Sirin

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Stage set with birds of paradise M. F. Larionov, 1937

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Composition with Horses and Birds of Paradise, Natalia Goncharova, 1915-1916, Design for a curtain

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The Sirin Bird, M. F. Larionov, 1914

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Margarita Mukoseeva
Sirin bird.
1987, canvas, tempera. 120 x 140

Mary B. Kelly Studio

Women With Wings.

The series is done in multi-media and reflects some of the research she has been doing on women's history and Goddesses throughout the past. She is particularly interested in why women and female deities have been portrayed as winged. In her Russian embroidery research, the motif of wings confers on an image the aspect of holiness. Birds, which accompany the goddesses are often indicators of her deity. Even today in Russia, the bird is the indicator of the soul.

Although some of the paintings are inspired by Russian tales and embroidery, others occurred in her prehistoric research. There are now 9 paintings in the series but she intends to paint a few more. TItles in this series are: Sirin, Sirin and Alconest, Solnitsa, all images from Russian folk tales, Scythian goddess, Lilith, Nike, Guardian Angel. Medusa and Sophia.

SIRIN AND ALCONEST

Sirin and Alconest were sisters, half-bird women who symbolized Good and Evil in peasant Russia. Sirin, the Bird of Joy is shown with a halo and no arms. Her sister, the Bird of Sorrow is shown below her. Embroidered lettering on the cloth from which these images is taken identifies the figures.

(Sorry, we have no this picture)

Embroidered valence in linen using tambour stitch. Mid nineteenth century. Kostroma Province, Russia. Image taken from Boguslavskaia can be found in the Russian Museum, St. Petersburg, #13-2563.

SCYTHIAN GODDESS

Goddesses from Scythia, along the Black Sea coast, were often shown with the wings and tail of a bird. As such, they may have been the origin of the Sirin figures. In some cases they were used as standards carried at the head of armies in battle. They are thus related to the 'winged victories' found later in Greece.

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The image is taken from a gold pendant in the Scythian gold collection at the Kiev Pechersky Lavra in Kiev, Ukraine. Fourth century BCE. It is pictured in Ganina.

LILITH

Lilith, the first wife of Adam in biblical tradition is also depicted as winged, but her image is much older than the Bible. She is always shown crowned, holds symbols of life and power and is often accompanied by owls and lions. Her connection with birds is also stressed by her claw-like feet.

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Terracotta sculpture. 2000BCE, Sumeria. Image taken from photograph in Johnson.

MEDUSA

Among the Greek gods, the emblem of sovereignty was the aegis - a red dyed goat skin with serpents and the head of the Gorgon, Medusa. Athena, patron goddess of Athens, is shown wearing the aegis in Phiadias' statue of her in the Parthenon. Athena was originally a Libyan deity and the Medusa was a representation of herself as the Libyan goddess Medusa or Metis. Medusa's snake-haired mask could turn men to stone and guarded the sacredness of women's mysteries, in which men could not participate.

Perseus, the legendary hero, used the Medusa head to petrify his enemies and from the Medusa's blood rose his winged steed, Pegasus, who was 'born of female wisdom.' In the Mediterranean, red coral jewelry is still associated with Medusa and menstral blood.

The image shown here is from an Italian Rennaisance shield. The face, all-knowing and wise, appears about to speak. Surrounded by her serpents and a solar halo, the figure was obviously utilized in the hope that Medusa would turn all enemies to stone.

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Information above from Barbara Walker's The Woman's Dictionary of Symbols and Sacred Objects, 1988.

THE SIRIN

The Sirin was a protective and good luck symbol for Russian peasants who carved variations of her image on their wooden houses. A Sirin is identified as a figure with the head, clothing and body of a woman but with the wings and tail of a bird. This figure holds a sprouting branch from the Tree of Life.

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Frontal beam of a carved wooden house. Second half of the nineteenth century. Gorky region (Nizhni Novgorod), Russia. Image taken from Kruglova and is found in the Folk Art collection at Zagorsk, Russia.

SOLNITZA

The Solnitza or Sun Maiden has a place in the myths and folk tales of Russia. She lives with her mother at the end of the world, where she sleeps at night. Her mother removes her beautiful red dress, and she folds her shining wings to sleep. When morning arrives, the mother wakes her sleepy daughter for the new day, dressing her in the brilliant red dress that will light the dawn. She rises, eats a little breakfast and flies through the air, creating the day. By evening, she is home again, ready to be cared for my her mother.

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The Solnitsa is another example of a female winged being who controls natural phenomena. The Sirin, a winged bird figure also has similar powers in relation to nature, causing the trees to sprout and flowers to bloom. Unlike other Russian deities, the Solnitza in portrayed as a small girl, needing her mother's care, instead of a mature woman. Her shining face, golden hair and brilliant clothing are emblematic of her role as sun-goddess.

SOPHIA

Originally the female member of the Trinity, Sophia symbolized wisdom and was portrayed as winged. In eastern traditions, the bird was associated with holiness and the presence of birds was seen as an indication of the divine. In later Christian periods, her place in the Trinity was taken by a dove which symbolized spirituality and whose wings remind us of her holiness.

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There is no documented image for this painting.

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Title:	Sirin
Artist:	Yelizaveta Manerova
Work Date:	2000
Medium:	Textile Paint
Material:	Canvas
Dimension:	41 x 39 in
	105 x 100 cm

Title:	Sirin 2
Artist:	Yelizaveta Manerova
Work Date:	2000
Medium:	Textile Paint
Material:	Canvas
Dimension:	41 x 39 in
	105 x 100 cm

FRIDAY LATE NIGHT CONCERT
Friday 3rd May 2002, 10.30P.M.
Cathedral of St. Mary & At. Anne (North Cathedral)
featuring

Sirin Vocal Ensemble, Russia

Sacred folk and early music ensemble Sirin (named after a bird of Paradise from Russian Christian legends) was constituted in 1989 with the goal of resurrecting Russian orthodox music traditions that had been lost after the church reforms of XVII c. The repertoire of the ensemble includes a wide range of early musical styles: znamenny, demestvenny, putevoy raspev, monastery styles, Kiev and Bulgarian raspev, and early forms of Russian polyphony.

The ensemble has presented its interpretation of Russian church and folk music on extensive concert tours in Europe and was prizewinner of renowned choral competitions. Sirin took part in the first European Symposium for Choral Music in Ljubliana (1995), World Symposium for Choral Music in Rotterdam (1999), gave performances at various festivals, including Thoronet Old Lyon (1997, France), the Canterbury Festival (1998, England), Musica Sacra in Marktoberdorf (1994, 2000 Germany), Old Music in Jaroslaw 1995, 2000 Poland), Musica Sacra in Maastricht (2000, Holland), Trialogos (1999, 2000 Estonia). Sirin's performances were included in the program for celebrating 2000 years of Christianity in Jerusalem (January 2001).

Sirin has demonstrated consummate vocal skills and absolute professionalism (Compact, Spain)

Immediate shock from the first sounds... After listening to the recording you have only one wish: to listen to such rare repertory at a concert performance, to have a direct contact with these superb and exciting voices. (Diapason, France).

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Obedkov Valery Ivanovich. Born in 1946. In 1968 graduated from the Ryazan Art School and in 1979 from the I.E.Repin Institute of Art, Sculpture and Architecture (a school of Prof. Myl'nikov), St-Petersburg.
A member of the Russian Artist Union. Works in the field of monumental and oil painting. Since 1979 participated in All-Union, Republican and International (Bulgaria, France, Japan, Finland Sweden, USA, Italy, India) Art Exhibitions. A Laureate of the Russian Art Academy Award.
Obedkov' works are characterized by expressed pursuit of time and space unity. They are full with distinguished preciosity. One can only guess what has influenced such distinguished and dramatic word painting of the artist, his delicate volatility in colors and at the same time austere spatial arrangement. Without doubt he has been given much in mastery of monumental approach principles and design of space by high skill of his teacher Andrey Myl'nikov. The painter was also influenced by diversity and remarkable colors of both native lands and exotic places from India to America he had visited . But most of all evidently it is his poetry vision of world and "plenitude" of his soul that makes a professional the Master and craft the Art.

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"Sirin Bird Of Our Happiness" canv., oil, 90x76, 1992

Sirin

Animal Protection in Russia

The goal of the animal assistance foundation "Sirin", a Russian charitable non-profit organization in Moscow and Moscow province, is to improve relations between people and animals. Specific goals include animal welfare, animal protection, and fighting against cruelty to animals.

The foundation was organized at the end of 1992 by a group of the same professionals who originally organized the animal protection movement in Russia. Their aim was and to propose the use of new methods to give new impetus to the protection movement, which had declined during the political and economic shocks of 1989-92. Members of the foundation include highly qualified professionals and dedicated staff with the skills to seek creative solutions in animal protection.

Unlike other Russian animal protection organizations, "Sirin" emphasizes qualitative and structural solutions. "Sirin" is the first animal protection organization in Moscow to have programmatic goals. For example, in Russia several organizations work with dogs, and do good work rescuing, feeding, and caring for animals. Our foundation also does this work, but we also seek fundamental solutions to the problem by studying scientific methods to animal control, such as population monitoring and modification, nutritional and "genetic bullet" interventions to control reproduction. We therefore believe in addressing the causes of the problem.

We have been active and prominent animal protection lobbyists in Moscow and in Russia, concentrating on economic, structural, and legal solutions to the problem. We seek good connections with organizations in other parts of the world who share our goals. We are eager to exchange information and assistance on all aspects of animal protection issues.

The Southern Illinois Regional Information Network (SIRIN) is built upon the existing library network of the Shawnee Library System and will use the Internet as a vehicle for transmission of information.

The participating libraries (public, school, academic and special) will develop web pages to provide information about the libraries and their communities. Participating libraries have been trained to assist local agencies and groups to develop web pages and link them to the library home page. Click here for a list of the participating libraries.

SIRIN can provide server space for not-for-profit organizations, and assist you in your development of web-based information. SIRIN policy does not allow posting of private business web pages, but links to business sites may be made.

The Sirin (also, siren), Lubok-style, is a mythical creature depicted as a winged bird with the head, and sometimes breasts, of a women. They lured strangers to destruction with their haunting song.

Victor Vasnetsov. Sirin and Alkonost; The Birds of Joy and Sorrow.
1896. Oil on canvas. The Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow, Russia.

Since the establishment in year 2000, Sirin has set a new standard for doing business in home and business environment by providing cost-effective solutions and exceptional quality.

Company Profile

We provide computer related services and sales, home and business maintenance services, business consulting. Our core team members have experience in each area of specialization.

"Sirin", a firm established ten years ago, endeavours to revive the former fame of the Russian jewellers. Over these years, "Sirin" has created a large collection of jewellery already known and recognised both in Russia and abroad. Diamonds sparkle as clear dew amongst the gold daisies and cornflowers in a "Sirin"'s Easter egg "The Russian Field" made by the jeweller Nikolay Odrov from the design by Tatiana Zharkova. A blue moth of enamel is about to take wing from a gold stem of oats to fly away carried by a mere gust of wind, so masterly is the workmanship. The artist's imagination and the hands of the jeweller make the sea pearls into nice-looking forest flowers, a pink quartz into an exquisite picture frame or a fancy desk clock with children gambolling amid the gold flowers and butterflies.

This year "Sirin" had the honour of displaying its works at an exhibition by the museum The Diamond Fund of Russia. For the first time ever, the Russian treasury saw the historic tsars' regalia created by the famous masters of the past alongside the jewellery by a modern firm.

ACHMET ibn Sirin. Expositione de gli insonii secondo la interpretatione de Indy, Persi et Egyptii. Tradute de greco in latino per Leone Toschano. Et al presente date in luce. Per il Tricasso Mantuano, (Venice, per Marchio Sessa, June 1546).

8vo. 64ff. Title within a woodcut historiated border incorporating, at head, the Sessa device, larger device on last page, in early Italian nineteenth century vellum gilt.

The rare second edition in Italian of the Arab Achmet ibn Sirin's interpretation of Egyptian, Persian and Egyptian dreams, translated from Leo Toscano's Latin into Italian by the famous cheiromantist Patricio Tricasso who, in his foreword to Alessandro Bicharia, explains that he has omitted many of the original interpretations owing to many dreams being inspired either by debauchery, melancholy or evil spirits. The original Arabic, Greek and Leo Toscano's Latin texts seem not to have survived and this is the second of three Italian editions of the sixteenth century, the others appearing in 1525 and 1551.
Rava 7360a; not in Adams or NUC.

New rules governing membership of political parties are needed to prevent politicians signing up voters without their consent, Election Commission chairman Sirin Thoopklam said.

Amending the Political Parties Act to limit voters to membership of only one party would make it harder for parties to trump up their membership figures, Gen Sirin said.

Voters had complained to the commission that Thai Rak Thai claimed them as members without their consent.

A party's membership decides the size of the subsidy it gets from the state.

Gen Sirin said the commission now had no way to check if someone really was a party member.

``We can check whether that person exists but do not know if he or she applied for membership of a particular party,'' he said.

It would, however, be going too far to dissolve a party which lied about its membership.

In most cases branches and canvassers probably invented the figures without the knowledge of the executive board.

The Senate will select a new election commissioner from two nominees, one each to be named by a selection panel and the Supreme Court assembly.

The new member will replace Sirin Thoopklam who lost his seat and chairmanship at the Election Commission in the wake of last week's Constitutional Court's ruling that his nomination was in breach of the charter.

The court ordered the selection of a new commissioner but did not say how.

Senate Speaker Manoonkrit Roopkachorn decided after meeting with 30 legal experts yesterday to strictly follow Article 138 (1) (2) and (3) of the constitution in finding Gen Sirin's replacement.

Maj-Gen Manoonkrit said he had to seal all legal loopholes so no one could question the constitutionality of the selection process again.

The ruling on Gen Sirin was given at the petition of a group of senators.

Maj-Gen Manoonkrit said a new 10-member selection panel would be set up under Article 138 (1) to nominate one contender for the vacant seat. The person must have the support of at least eight of the 10 votes.

The panel would comprise presidents of the Constitutional and Supreme Administrative courts, four state university rectors and four political party representatives.

The four rectors would be selected by the 28 rectors of state colleges. All political parties with seats in the House would each name representatives who would in turn cast votes to select four of themselves to sit on the selection panel.

Maj-Gen Manoonkrit said the Senate Secretariat would help pay allowances, travelling and other expenses of the rectors to make sure all 28 would participate in choosing their four representatives.

Only nine rectors showed up at the selection of panel members last time. Others said they could not because the state did not cover their expenses.

That panel was dissolved after presenting five finalists, including Gen Sirin, to the Senate last year.

The Supreme Court assembly would select the second contender under Article 138 (2), Maj-Gen Manoonkrit said.

The Senate would vote for one of the two to replace Gen Sirin.

The panel and the court each had 30 days to present their candidates to the Senate under Article 138 (3), he said. If the panel could not make its choice in 30 days the Supreme Court assembly would take over the selection and must name the contender in 15 days.

Maj-Gen Manoonkrit said any interested people could register for the contest and former candidates could reapply.

The new commissioner would be selected within 45 days of the court handing down the ruling, which was on July 4.

Thammasat University's law faculty, meanwhile, said the Constitutional Court had overstepped its authority.

Dean Surapol Nitikraipoj said most faculty members agreed the court had gone too far in ordering Gen Sirin out of the poll agency and the selection of a new commissioner. In fact, it could only rule the selection process unconstitutional.

``The Senate, not the court, is the one to decide whether to find a new poll commissioner or not,'' Mr Surapol said.

He said the court's ruling could create troubles.

``What will happen if someone claims Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra has to stand down because some MPs who voted for him had cheated and were disqualified so their voting for Mr Thaksin was unconstitutional?'' Mr Surapol said.

Worajate Pakhirat, a law instructor, said the Senate should guard its turf by confirming its vote for Gen Sirin had complete legal effect and that the court's ruling could not override that resolution.

Research Interests

Research areas: teletraffic modeling for multimedia networks, resource and mobility management for wireless networks, capacity and performance analyses, next generation network architecture design and optimization, wireless location systems and services.
Courses taught: ECE 645 (Wireless Networks), ECE 745 (Advanced Wireless Networks), EE/CoE 473 (Wireless Communications Systems).

BIOGRAPHY

Dr. Tekinay received her B.S. and M.S. degrees, both in electrical engineering with concentration in communications and signal processing from Bogazici University, Istanbul. She completed her Ph.D. in electrical engineering with concentration on wireless telecommunication networks at the School of Information Technology and Engineering, George Mason University, Virginia, in 1994.

From 1994 to 1996, she worked at the Wireless Systems Engineering Group of Nortel (then BNR), as a senior member of scientific staff. In 1996, she joined the Wireless Technology Laboratory of the Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies as the technical prime on wireless geolocation systems.

Dr. Tekinay joined NJIT in September 1997, where continues to serve as assistant professor and the Associate Director of the New Jersey Center for Wireless Telecommunications. She has organized and chaired the Symposium On Next Generation Wireless Networks, May 26, 2000, at NJIT.

RESEARCH INTERESTS

Story of Farhad and Shirin ("FERHAD ILE SIRIN")

I found these five articles on the internet. They all tell the story of Farhad and Shirin, but none of the stories are alike. I haven't changed anything, except for a couple of spelling mistakes. Enjoy..

1.
     Farhad (far-HAHD), a young craftsman, and Shirin (she-REEN), the sister of the queen, were in love. The queen, Mehmanbanu (Lady Mehman), was also in love with Farhad but she hid her feelings from everyone in deference to her sister whom she loved very much.

     Then one day, Mehmanbanu invited Farhad to the palace and told him: "If you really love my sister and want to marry her, you must successfully carry out the following task: There is no water in the area and this is causing great anxiety for our people. We know there is water deep within the mountain. Break open those rocks and clear a channel so that the water will surge forth."

     Farhad agreed. He worked night and day for many months which stretched into years. Finally, he succeeded in creating a channel for the water. Water gushed forth as if from a fountain. Everyone celebrated and praised Farhad. But, alas, Farhad fell off a rock and died. Shirin went to the tragic site and killed herself. Both names, Farhad and Shirin (Sweet One), are taken from this legend.

[http://www.azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/63_folder/63_articles/63_legendnames.html]

2.
     There was a brave man called Farhad, who loved a Princess Shirin, but the Princess did not love him. Farhad tried to gain access to the love-cell of Shirin's heart, but no one would dare betray the fact that a stonecutter loved a lady of royal blood. Farhad, in despair, would go to the mountains and spend whole days without food, playing on his flute sweet music in praise of Shirin. At last people thought to devise a plan to acquaint the Princess of the stone-cutter's love. She saw him once, and love which lived in his bosom also began to breathe in hers. But she dared not a mean laborer aspire to win the hand of a princess? It was not long, however, before the Shah himself heard some rumor of this extraordinary exchange of sentiment. He was naturally indignant at the discovery, but as he had no child other then Shirin, and Shirin was also pining away with love, he proposed to his daughter that her lover, being of common birth, must accomplish a task such as no man may be able to do, and then, and only then, might he be recommended to his favor. The task which he skillfully suggested was that Shirin should ask her lover to dig a canal in the rocky land among the hills. The canal must be six lances in width and three lances deep and forty miles long!

     The Princess had to convey her father's decision to Farhad, who forthwith shouldered his spade and started off to the hills to commence the gigantic task. He worked hard and broke the stones for years. He would start his work early in the morning when it was yet dark and never ceased from his labor till, owing to darkness, no man could see one yard on each side.

     Shirin secretly visited him and watched the hard working Farhad sleeping with his taysha (spade) under his head, his body stretched on the bed of stones. She noticed, with all the pride of a lover, that he cut her figure in the rocks at each six yards and she would sigh and return without his knowing. Farhad worked for years and cut his canal; all was in readiness but his task was not yet finished, for he had to dig a well in the rocky beds of the mountains. He was half- way through, and would probably have completed it, when the Shah consulted his courtiers and sought their advice. He is artifice had failed. Farhad had not perished in the attempt, and if all the conditions were fulfilled as they promised to be soon, his daughter must go to him in marriage. The Viziers suggested that an old woman should be set to Farhad to tell him that Shirin was dead; then, perhaps, Farhad would become disheartened and leave off the work.

     It was an ignoble trick, but it promised success and the Shah agreed to try it. So an old woman went to Farhad and wept and cried till words choked her; the stone-cutter asked her the cause of her bereavement.

     "I weep for a deceased," she said, "and for you." "For a deceased and for me?" asked the surprised Farhad. "And how do you explain it?"

     "Well, by brave man," said the pretender sobbingly, "you have worked so well, and for such a long time, too, but you have labored in vain, for the object of you devotion is dead!"

     "What!" cried the bewildered man, "Shirin dead?"

     Such was his grief that he cut his head with the sharp taysha (spade) and died under the carved streamed into his canal was his own blood. When Shirin heard this she fled in great sorrow to the mountains where lay her wronged lover; it is said that she inflicted a wound in her own head at the precise spot where Farhad had struck himself, and with the same sharp edge of the spade which was stained with her lover's gore. No water ever flows into the canal, but two lovers are entombed in one and the same grave.

[http://afghanland.com/culture/shirin.html]

3.
     Shirin is a Persian princess. She sits there. She has all kinds of maids and servants. They keep her cool, they give her drinks, they powder her. She is just sitting there in her glorious beauty. And Farhad is a stonecutter. A poor character, tall, lean, poor. And one day Farhad comes and beholds the beauty of Shirin and falls in love. Way down. Falls in love and cannot think but Shirin, cannot drink but Shirin, cannot sleep but dream of Shirin. So finally, all he can do is go to the king a great king (all the kings of Iran were great) (laughter from audience) and he says, oh, great king, I have fallen in love with Shirin. I want to marry your daughter. And the king, being great, says, of course, there's no problem. You want to marry Shirin. That's perfectly fine. All you have to do is move this mountain from here to there. Not very far, but nevertheless you have to move it. Farhad, being young...and stupid, embarks upon cutting the pieces of the mountain and moving it from here to there, and he is still doing it. In the meanwhile, Shirin has had the time of her life. It is a one-directional love. Shirin has to receive. Farhad has to give.

[http://www.bahai.org.br/virtual/Arthd.htm]

4.
     Love is never tempted by wealth and grandeur. Shirin, the daughter of a poor man, but rich in ideal, was kidnapped and taken to the Shah of Faras, who instantly became enamored of her, and gave great rewards to those who had brought her. But, to his great disappointment, he found that Shirin was unresponsive to his love, and her ideal was too great to allow her to be tempted by the wealth and grandeur of the Shah. He did everything to please her and to make her willing to marry him, but every effort had the contrary effect.

     When Shirin saw that there was no hope anywhere of rescue from the palace, which to her was a cage, and the importunity of the Shah and his servants wore out her patience so much that she was obliged to consent to their offer, she did so on one condition, which was that a canal should be made as a memorial of the occasion. This was, of course, a pretext for putting off the marriage, for the cutting of a canal was the work of years. The Shah was so much fascinated by her youth and beauty that he seized upon even the smallest sign of yielding, and at once gave command to the engineers and architects of the court to begin work on a canal without a moment's delay, and to accomplish it as soon as possible, sparing no expense or labor. Thousands of workmen were soon engaged in this, and the work went on night and day unceasingly, under the watchful eye of the king himself and his servants.

     The nearer the work came to being accomplished, the stronger grew the hope of the king, and he, with great pleasure, requested Shirin to go and look at her canal. She, with despondent mind, went to see the canal, fearing that it would soon be finished and she would have to yield to the wishes of the Shah, which she regarded as worse than death. While she was walking, looking at the work going on where thousands of workmen were busy night and day, to her great surprise a workman came up, won entirely by her beauty and charm, and fearlessly exclaimed, `O Shirin, I love you.' `Love overlooks the difference of position of the lover and the beloved, and the height that the lover has to climb.'

     It was that voice of love and that word of devotion that Shirin was looking for, and had not found until then. Shirin replied, `Do you love me? Then break these mountains, and cut a pathway through them.' `Gold has a test to go through.' Farhad said at once, `Most willingly. Yes, Shirin, whatever you please.' `There is nothing too hard for the lover to do for the beloved.'

     Farhad set out on his journey wholeheartedly, not wondering why he should cut a path, nor reasoning how this great work might be accomplished. He did not stop to think how long it would take to finish, nor had he any misgiving that his efforts might ever be in vain. He went to those mountains in the wilderness and began to break the rocks with his pickax. He repeated the name of Shirin at every stroke he gave. The strokes of Farhad wrought a miracle. Instead of one stroke it was as if a hundred strokes fell at a time. `Man's power is the strength of his body, but love's power is the might of God.' No sooner was the work begun than it neared completion. Work that would have taken years with many workers engaged on it was accomplished in days. Shirin had refused the Shah since she had seen Farhad, saying, `There is another lover who is undergoing a test, and until I know the outcome of his trial I think it better to keep from marriage.'

     The king's spies had been watching Farhad from afar, and they immediately sent a report that Farhad had completed his work before the canal was finished. The Shah was very much alarmed, thinking that Farhad would most probably win Shirin's love, and that after his having done all this for her, Shirin would not be his. When he told this to his confidants one among them said, `Sire, you are the king, Farhad is a workman. What comparison between heaven and earth? I will go, if it be the pleasure of your Majesty, and will finish him in a moment.' `Oh, no,' said the Shah, `Shirin will see the stain of his blood on me, and will turn her back on me forever.' One among the king's servants said, `It is not difficult for me, my Lord, to bring the life of Farhad to an end without shedding a single drop of blood.' `That is much better', said the Shah.

     The servant went to Farhad, who had very nearly finished his work, with great hope of a glance from Shirin. `The lover's happiness is in the pleasure of the beloved.' This servant of the Shah said, `O Farhad, alas, all in vain! O, that rival of the moon, your beloved Shirin, has passed away by a sudden death.' Farhad said in the greatest bewilderment, `What? Is my Shirin dead?' `Yes,' the servant said, `O Farhad, alas, Shirin is dead.' Farhad heaved a deep sigh, and fell to the ground. `Shirin' was the last word that his lips uttered, and made a way for his life to pass away.

     Shirin heard from her well-wishers that Farhad had done marvels, that he had cut the path through the mountains, repeating the name `Shirin' with his every stroke, and finished the work that might have taken a whole life time in the shortest time. Shirin, the chords of whose heart had already been struck by Farhad, and through whose soul the love of Farhad had pierced, had not the patience to rest one moment, and she set out for the mountains at the first opportunity she could find. `The higher powers separate two hearts that come together.' Shirin, who had the great fortune of having a lover like Farhad, had not the fortune to see him anymore.

     To her greatest grief and disappointment, Shirin found the body of Farhad lying by the side of the wonderful work he had done for her. The spies of the Shah came near to assure her of his death, hoping that now that Farhad was no more she might fix her mind on the crown of the Shah. They said, `This is poor Farhad. Alas, he is dead.' Shirin heard from the blowing of the wind, from the running of the water, from rocks, from trees, the voice of Farhad calling, `Shirin, Shirin.' The whole atmosphere of the place held her soul with the magnetism of love that Farhad had created all around. She fell down, struck by the great loss that her loving heart could no longer sustain, crying, `Farhad, I am coming too, to be with you.' 'The fate of the lover is a great disappointment in the sight of the world, but it is the greatest satisfaction in the eyes of the wise.'

[www.rosanna.com/message/V/Vp4.htm]

5.
     There is a Persian story of Shirin and Farhad. Once Shirin, the girl whom Farhad admired, in order to test his love said, `Farhad, do you love me? If you love me, you will have to make a way through the mountains.' Farhad said, `Yes, I was waiting for that test.' He went to the mountains full of the feeling of love he had for her. Every time he broke the rock with his hammer, he said the name of Shirin, and the strength of his hammer became a thousand times greater because it was joined by the feeling of his heart.

[http://www.murshid.org/writings/khan/VI/VI10_20.htm]

6. NAZIM HIKMET'S "FERHAD ILE SIRIN"

     Have you ever loved someone?" The question reverberates in the mind. The queen is asked to give her beauty in return for the life of her sister. She accepts. The queen and her sister meet Ferhad, a talented painter and handsome man, on a trip to the city. Dazzled by Ferhad's looks, the queen appoints him chief artist at the palace.

     Sirin, the queen's sister, and Ferhad fall in love and elope. The queen is torn by her love for Ferhad and by jealousy. She reconsiders: "Did I do well in forsaking my beauty?" The persistence of this question gives rise to another one: "Do I love my sister?" And then, "Have I ever loved anyone?" Ferhad and Sirin are captured by the palace guards. Both of them undergo torture. The queen is agonized and on the verge of delirium. The queen makes an offer to Ferhad, "If you want Sirin, go and drill a tunnel in Demirdagi." The city needs water, for the water in its own wells is poisonous. Ferhad accepts. He toils for 11 years. One day Sirin comes to Demirdagi and says: "The queen has shown mercy. You may stop working, return to the city and marry me." Ferhad hesitates. Then he declines. He wants the city to have fresh water before anything else. Sirin asks, "Is the city more important than me?" Ferhad does not say "yes." Neither does he say "no." He says, "You are part of the city." Sirin understands and waits. Thus the story ends.

[http://www.turkishdailynews.com/past_probe/12_05_99/Art.htm]

7.

     Historical research has now established that the story of the love affair of Shirin and Farhad is mere fiction which has no founding in fact.

[http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Articles/companion/33_uthman_bin_ghani.htm]

Khusru II Parvis "the KING OF PERSIA / Sirin

Lauren Rogers-Sirin, M.A.
Pre-Doctoral Intern

Lauren is originally from Philadelphia and is expecting to earn her Ph.D. in Counseling Psychology from Boston College in 2002. She earned a degree in Psychology from the College of New Jersey in 1994 and a Master's Degree in Counseling Psychology from Boston College in 1997.

Lauren has worked in a variety of clinical settings including community mental health, school environments and college settings. Throughout her education, she has sought out clinical training that has focused on meeting the needs of diverse clients. She has a particular interest in understanding the interplay between personal, psychological needs and socio-political issues such as gender, race, sexual orientation and culture. She has been involved in creating workshops and groups designed to address racism, homophobia and heterosexism, violence against women and poverty. In addition to these interests, Lauren has experience working with a variety of mental health issues including depression, anxiety, family issues, relationship issues, and trauma and sexual assault. She is excited about returning to the college environment because she feels college can be a time of intense self-discovery and personal growth.

In her free time, Lauren uses artistic outlets to rejuvenate her creativity. She is an amateur painter, singer, writer and cook. Lauren also loves the outdoors and tries to spend as much time as she can hiking, swimming or camping.

Nureddin Sirin is a newspaper editor sentenced to 17 years for his beliefs, in 1997. He edited the Turkish Islamist newspaper Selam. He was arrested and accused of being a member of Hizbollah, by the Turkish authorities. At his trial, even the Turkish Secret Service, testified that he was not a member. However he was still sentenced to 17 years. Nurettin Sirin is a prisoner of his faith. He is not guilty of any crime.

Bekir Yildiz is the elected mayor of Sincan province. He organised a rally in support of the Palestinian right of self-determination. He was sentenced to 4 years in prison in September 1997 for promoting Islamic ideas.


Husband: Khusru II Parvis "the KING OF PERSIA

Born:	ABT 0551	at:	of Babylon, Iraq
Married:		at:
Died:	0628	at:
Father:	Hormizd IV KING OF PERSIA
Mother:
Spouses:	Sirin

Wife: Sirin

Born:	ABT 0553	at:
Died:		at:
Father:
Mother:
Spouses:	Khusru II Parvis "the KING OF PERSIA

CHILDREN

Name:	Shahrijar
Born:	ABT 0573	at:	of Babylon, Iraq
Married:		at:
Died:		at:
Spouses:

The Etymology Of The Word SIRIN
And Everything Related To The Word

Mythic Birds

Mary B. Kelly Studio

MEDUSA

SOLNITZA

Sirin

Animal Protection in Russia

Company Profile

Research Interests

BIOGRAPHY

RESEARCH INTERESTS

Story of Farhad and Shirin ("FERHAD ILE SIRIN")

Khusru II Parvis "the KING OF PERSIA / Sirin

Lauren Rogers-Sirin, M.A.
Pre-Doctoral Intern

Durdane Sirin SARACOGLU

Graduate Student
University of Minnesota
Department of Economics


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The Etymology Of The Word SIRIN And Everything Related To The Word

Mythic Birds

Mary B. Kelly Studio

MEDUSA

SOLNITZA

Sirin

Animal Protection in Russia

Company Profile

Research Interests

BIOGRAPHY

RESEARCH INTERESTS

Story of Farhad and Shirin ("FERHAD ILE SIRIN")

Khusru II Parvis "the KING OF PERSIA / Sirin

Lauren Rogers-Sirin, M.A. Pre-Doctoral Intern

Durdane Sirin SARACOGLU

Graduate Student University of Minnesota Department of Economics

The Etymology Of The Word SIRIN
And Everything Related To The Word

Lauren Rogers-Sirin, M.A.
Pre-Doctoral Intern

Graduate Student
University of Minnesota
Department of Economics